Blake :: essays research papers

A rebel all of his life, Blake was once arrested on a trumped up charge of sedition. Of course, he was a complete sympathizer with the forces of revolution, both in America and France. He was a personal friend of Thomas Paine and made the American War of Independence and French Revolution parts of his grand mythology in his America: A Prophecy and Europe: A Prophecy. Blake is frequently referred to as a mystic, but this is not really accurate. He deliberately wrote in the style of the Hebrew prophets and apocalyptic writers. He envisioned his works as expressions of prophecy, following in the footsteps (or, more precisely strapping on the sandals) of Elijah and Milton. In fact, he clearly believed himself to be the living embodiment of the spirit of Milton. Most of Blake's paintings (such as "The Ancient of Days" above, the frontispiece to Europe: a Prophecy) are actually prints made from copper plates, which he etched in a method he claimed was revealed to him in a dream. He and his wife colored these prints with water colors. Thus each print is itself a unique work of art. As an artist Blake broke the ground that would later be cultivated by the Pre-Raphaelites. His work is for the most part done on a very small scale. His illuminated works and engravings are all only inches in size, yet they are meticulous in detail. And each of them is, in a sense, merely a part of a titanic whole. A special note for students: Since we began The William Blake Page in 1994, we have received hundreds of emails from students asking (sometimes demanding in very rude language) that we provide literary criticism on our site or else personally write back with an analysis of one or more poems or themes in Blake's work so that they can use it to fulfill one of their classroom assignments. On occassion these emails have been so insulting that we have considered closing the site. The William Blake Page is NOT intended to replace the library. The Internet is a great place to research where to buy your next car or what they are wearing this year in Paris. But it not the best place to find literary criticism. For one thing anyone can post anything here, without benefit of editors or any other kind of check or balance to maintain reasonable accuracy.

An Analysis on the Interaction of the Different aspects on Human Development

Abstract The growing up process or the human developmental process has been an interesting topic of research in the field of Psychology. Great psychologists and sociologists have already provided up of the different theories and hypotheses about growing up. However, the application of these theories may not that easy for us to understand. Therefore this paper shall describe, compare, and contrast the developmental theories according to the psychodynamic, cognitive, learning, and humanistic perspectives.An Analysis on the Interaction of the Different aspects on Human Development  on the Overall Development of a Child Development or the growing-up process is the most crucial part of a person’s life. It is the time when changes in the cognitive, emotional, and biological aspects occur. Hence, this is the stage when a person needs utmost attention and guidance. This area has been a topic of interest for researchers for several years which led to the birth of Developmental Psycho logy as a separate field of study. Developmental psychology aims to grasp and provide a better understanding of the idea and significance of growing up in reaching a person’s full potential.To explain the process of human development, various theories were proposed by several psychologists. Hence, this paper aims to describe, compare, and contrast the developmental theories according to the psychodynamic, cognitive, learning, and humanistic perspectives. Psychodynamic Perspective Freud’s Psychosexual Theory There are various theories in studying the development in human life cycle. The first one is the Psychodynamic perspective. In this theory, the names Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson hover among the others.Freud’s theory attempts to explain human development through what he calls the psychosexual stages. According to his theory, sexuality starts at a very early stage in a person’s life. Each stage is identified according to the specific pleasure source a child has on that stage. In case that a pleasure urge is not gratified, it may eventually lead to various fixations later in a person’s life (Institute of Human Thermodynamics [IoHT], 2005). Freud enumerates the different psychosexual stages as follows: Table 1 – The Psychosexual Stages Stage Pleasure source Conflict/Fixation Oral  (birth-18months)Mouth Oral Fixation- excessive eating, drinking, smoking, and biting of nails Anal (2-4 years) Anus Anal fixation o Anal retentiveness- too much orderliness/ cleanliness o Anal repulsiveness- messy Phallic (4-5 years) Genitals Oedipus (boys) or Electra (girls) complex, Castration Anxiety, Penis Envy Latency (6-puberty) Repressed sexual urges Genital (puberty onward) Physical sexual changes reawaken repressed needs. Social rules Freud also emphasized the effects of the Id, Ego, and Superego in the developmental process of a child. The id is the pleasure seeking part of individuals.This is the source of biological needs and drives. On the other hand, the superego is oftentimes in conflict with the id because it consists of the moral part of individuals, and it is more popularly described as the voice of the conscience. Finally, the ego operates under reality, and it is further described by Freud as the conscious mind which contains one’s thoughts, judgments, and memories (IoHT, 2005). In summary, the three main concepts of Freud’s psychosexual theory are: (1) pleasure and fixation; (2) sexuality at an early age; and (3) id, ego, and superego.Pleasure and fixation deals about the pleasure sources of an individual per stage and the fixation that may come if that certain pleasure will not be gratified. Sexuality at an early age on the other hand talks about the sexual pleasures an individual experiences during the early periods of life, which Freud explain to be the major source of all our frustrations as we grow old. Lastly he also talks the id, ago and superego which, for Freud, are the ce ntral controllers of our behavior. Freud’s psychosexual theory is similar to other developmental theories in several ways. First, it summarizes the developmental process into stages.Second, like other theories, this theory also talks about a child’s needs and the importance of gratification. Finally, it associates consciousness as a factor in each stage. However, the psychosexual theory appears to be different from other psychosexual theory in various ways. One of its unique features is that it deals with sexuality in the early years of a child’s development. Another distinct characteristic of this theory is that it does not involve other emotional and external factors. Lastly, it does not include other areas of growth aside from the sexual development.Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory Erikson’s theory deals with personality development. In this theory, Erikson summarized the Psychosocial Development of a person into eight different stages. The 1) trus t vs. mistrust, 2) autonomy vs. shame, 3) initiative vs. guilt, 4) industry vs. inferiority, 5) identity vs. role confusion, 6) intimacy vs. isolation, 7) generativity vs. stagnation and 8) integrity vs. despair. In each stage, a person deals with a crisis based on physiological development and the demands from the parents, guardians, or the society (Clifton & Davis, 1995).In summary, the three main concepts of Erikson’s personality development theory are: (1) a person’s search for an identity, which answers the question of why an individual goes through the different psychosocial development stages; (2) psychosocial crisis, which talks about the social and personal difficulties and problems that a person experiences whenever he or she was not able to overcome a psychosocial stage successfully; and (3) the ego psychology in agreement with Freud’s ego concept, which explains that the ego primarily controls the way a person acts and socializes.Erikson’s psy chosocial theory appears to be similar to other developmental theories in numerous ways. First, like other theories, it summarizes the developmental process into stages. Second, it talks about a child’s needs and the importance of gratification as well. Last, the psychosocial theory associates the effects of the social environment with a child’s development. However, some features of the psychosocial theory make it distinct from the other developmental theories. One of these features is that it believes that the ego is of utmost importance.Another characteristic of this theory that sets it apart from the others is that it believes that both social and sexual factors play an important role in personality development. Finally, it also deals with mental health. Cognitive Developmental Theory The most renowned proponent of the Cognitive Development Theory is Jean Piaget. In this theory, he points out that cognitive development is a process where a child’s knowledge and awareness of his/her surroundings is a function of experience and time.Piaget claims that children have this so-called â€Å"reflexes† at birth which control their behavior (Huitt & Hummer, 2003). These reflexes are then replaced with constructed schemes. He described the processes as Assimilation and Accommodation. Assimilation pertains to the process of using or transforming the environment so that it can be placed in a pre-existing cognitive structure (Huitt & Hummer, 2003).On the other hand, accommodation is the process of changing cognitive structures in order to accept something from the environment. Piaget further simplified his theory by enumerating what he called the stages of cognitive development: 1) Sensorimotor stage (infancy); 2) Pre-operational stage (toddler and early childhood); 3) Concrete Operational stage (elementary and early adolescence); and 4) formal operational stage (adolescence and adulthood) (Preisser, 1997).In summary, the three main concepts of Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental theory are: (1) reflexes and schemas are the main factors of a person’s behavior; (2) assimilation and accommodation, where assimilation is the process of using or transforming the environment so that it can be placed in preexisting cognitive structures, while accomodation is the process of changing cognitive structures in order to accept something from the environment (Huitt & Hummer, 2003); and (3) constructivist learning, which explains that the learning is mostly dependent on the learner and the teacher.It is the learner who interacts with his or her environment and thus gains an understanding of its features and characteristics (Thanasoulas, 2003). Some traits of Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory are similar to other developmental theories include the following: (1) it summarizes the developmental process into stages; (2) it talks about a child’s needs and the importance of gratification; and (3) it emphasizes the role of the parents/guardians in a child’s development. However, certain characteristics of this theory make it unique and different from other developmental theories.These characteristics are as follows: (1) it focuses on mental development only; (2) it looks at the cognitive development not just as a series of several stages but also as a process as a whole; and (3) it does not look at the other factors, such as the social and emotional aspect of a child’s development. Learning Perspective: Social Learning Theory Among other theorists, Albert Bandura is considered as the leading proponent of this theory. According to J. E. Ormrod (1999), Social Learning Theory keeps its focus on the learning that occurs within a social context.This is means that people tend to learn through observation and modeling. This theory also proposes that learning is still possible to occur even without a change in behavior. This is because according to social psychologists, a person can learn through observation alone, and this may not manifest in one’s actions. The theory also states that learning becomes possible through cognition; that is, prediction of future rewards or punishments has a great effect on how a person behaves (Ormrod, 1999).In summary, the three main concepts of Bandura’s Social Learning theory are: (1) learning through observation and modeling, where people learn easily through observation and imitating another individual’s behavior; (2) cognition as a major factor of learning, which refers to an individual’s knowledge absorption, analysis, and processing; and (3) self-efficacy, which refers to how people feel, think, motivate themselves, and behave. Such beliefs produce these diverse effects through four major processes (Bandura, 1994).Bandura’s Social Learning appears to be similar to other theories as it: (1) focuses on mental and learning process; (2) emphasize the role of parents/guardians in a childâ€⠄¢s development; and (3) mentions about the significance of reinforcements in learning. However, this theory also differs from other theory because it: (1) emphasizes on modeling as a form of learning; (2) deals with self-efficacy; and (3) centers on the stages of the learning process rather than on the development process as a whole.Humanistic Perspective: Self Actualization and Hierarchy of Needs This theory is proposed by Carl Rogers. He explained through this theory that just like animals, plants, and other organisms, human beings have that natural urge to thrive and survive (Boeree, 2007). This theory also emphasizes the importance of positive regard and positive self-regard in the process of growing up which, he says, may eventually lead a person to accomplish his or her full potential and worth—the full functionality of a person.In summary, the three main concepts of Rogers’ Personality theory are: (1) self actualization which is concerned with the awareness or realization of one’s identity which helps to draw his/her utmost capabilities and potentials; (2) positive self-regard, which, just like self esteem and self confidence, helps build up an individual’s trust in his/herself that s/he can do anything that s/he endeavors; and (3) fully functioning person—a person who achieved self actualization and consistently has positive self-regard. Rogers’ Personality theory has characteristics that are similar to other developmental theories.These similarities include the following: (1) it sees people only as good, healthy, well, or ill; (2) it perceives mental health as a normal progression in life; and (3) it is person-centered (Boeree, 2007; Pescitelli, 1996). However, this theory has features that make it different from other developmental theories. These features include: (1) it is relatively simple; (2) it looks at cognitive development, not as a series of several stages but also as a process as a whole; and (3) i t does not take into consideration other factors such as the social and emotional aspect of a child’s development.Importance of Understanding the Developmental Theories in Helping Children Reach Their Potential All new born children need and deserve the attention, love, and support from their parents. However, the support and the care do not actually stop at that period of life; rather, it has only just begun. The most important period when a child needs proper care and guidance is during his/her early years. It is during this time when various factors, both internal (e. g. , thought processes) and external (e. g. , family), shape the personality of the child and what s/he can become (Day, 2008).It is also during this stage that children find their identity—who they want to be in the society and how they want to be treated as a person. In this development process, the cognitive, physical, and emotional aspects of a child are interrelated in a way that each one affects the child’s overall development in various ways. The cognitive aspect of a child’s development is directly connected to the other two since it is the mental processes which govern the rest of an individual’s activities and behavior.The physical aspect on the other hand is important to be developed properly since the physical capacities and limitations of an individual depend to that. Lastly, the emotional aspect also poses significance in a child’s development since this will determine how strong and how weak shall this person be in dealing with personal and social emotional issues in the future. Thus, the parents cannot just focus on one aspect of development; rather, these three aspects must be taken into consideration and must be given proper attention.In addition to this, a growing child is more vulnerable and more fragile compared to adults. For this reason, children must receive proper guidance in order for them to become good and useful members of the society. Through the theories discussed in this paper, it can be concluded that a child’s development is never as simple as gaining height and weight. It is not as plain as learning to write and read better through the days spent in school.In the process, the parents and the child’s environment actually mold him/her into a person who can reach his/her greatest potentials. If parents neglect or fail in this obligation, issues and problems may arise regarding a child’s attitude, behavior, and capabilities later on when s/he grows as an adult. Hence, just like a butterfly’s metamorphosis, parents want their children to grow with the most beautiful and strongest wings possible; that is, through understanding these developmental theories. References Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). New York: Academic Press. (Reprinted in H. Friedman [Ed.], Encyclopedia of Mental Health. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998) Boeree, C.G. (2007). Carl Rogers 1902-1987. Personality Theories. Retrieved October 16, 2008 from http://www.social-psychology.de/do/pt_rogers.pdf Clifton, A. and Davis, D., Psychosocial Theory: Erikson, Haverford College. Retrieved October 15, 2008 from http://www.haverford.edu/psych/ddavis/p109g/erikson.stages.html Day, A. (2008). Why understanding your child’s personality is so important. Helium. Retrieved October 16, 2008 from http://www.helium.com/items/942762-why-understanding-your-childs-personality-is-so-important Institute of Human Thermodynamics. (2005, December 26). Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory and Thermodynamics [1873-1923]. Retrieved October 15, 2008 from http://www.humanthermodynamics.com/Freud.html Huitt, W., & Hummel, J. (2003). Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. retrieved October 15, 2008 from http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/piaget.html Ormrod, J.E. (1999). Human Learning (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Pescitelli, D. (1996). An Analysis of Carl Rogers’ Theory of Personality.Telford Hypnotherapy. Retrieved October 16, 2008 from http://www.telfordhypnotherapy.co.uk/An%20Analysis%20of%20Carl%20Rogers.doc Preisser, G. (1997). Theories and research. Developmental Psychology Student Net Letter, Mesa Community College. Retrieved October 15, 2008 from http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/dept/d46/psy/dev/Fall98/Theories/theories.html Thanasoulas, D. (2003). Constructivist Learning. Center for Southeast Asian Studies Northern Illinois University. Retrieved October 18, 2008 from http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Teachers_Page/Language_Learning_Articles/constructivist_learning.htm Syque. (2008). Freud’s psychosexual stage theory. Changing Minds. Retrieved October 15, 2008 from http://changingminds.org/explanations/learning/freud_stage.htm   

Banking Regulation Changes Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1055 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Banking Essay Did you like this example? Provide an overview of changes in the bank regulations affecting foreign banks location decision, differentiating developed and developing countries. During the last few decades, internationalisation of banks has been increased. It often occurs in developing countries, where foreign banks enter their market. As a foreign bank, they have to overcome many problems when planning to establish their presence across border. Among them choosing a market is a finical job, where they have to bother about factors like culture, language and domestic bank regulations in the host countries and regulations differ significantly across countries. Changes and affect The banking regulations of host country that effect the location decision can be of Regulations on bank activities and banking-commerce links. Regulations on entry of domestic and foreign banks. Regulations on capital adequacy. Deposit insurance design. Supervision. Regulations on easing private-sector monitoring of banks. Government ownership of banks. (James R. Barth, Gerard Caprio, Jr. and Ross Levine) During 19th century, there were many barriers by the nations towards the foreign banks. These barriers can be broadly classified as explicit barriers and implicit barriers. Explicit barriers may be the rules and regulations limiting entry of foreign banks, their behaviour. Treating foreign banks differently from domestic banks is an explicit barrier. Prevention of the entry and expansion of foreign banks by the government in favour of the local or domestic banks is a type of implicit barrier. By the middle of 19th century, there appeared a trend of lower ing the barriers over time, which helps the banks to go global. Its found to be a lower penetration rate of foreign banks, about 10% in developed countries, whereas a much higher level is in developing countries, about 50%. A higher trend towards lowering both barriers over time was appeared in developing countries governments which results in a higher foreign bank penetration rate. Considering New Europe consisting developing countries like Poland, Hungary reduced ownership of state banks along with implicit and explicit barriers towards the entry of foreign banks and allows them to control most of their banking assets (Allen N. Berger).This happens mainly because of their transition from socialism. More over in some cases such as Estonia, Czech Republic the foreign banks takes over 90% of market shares. Some nations have explicit rules that limit the behaviour and expansion of foreign banks even after entry. For example, in India, foreign banks that purchase shares of local Ind ian banks are restricted to a maximum of 10 percent of voting rights and also face explicit additional capital requirements and permission for branch expansion (Berger, Klapper, Martinez-Peria and Zaidi, 2005). Similarly limits on financial ratios and minority ownership in china acts as barriers for foreign banks According to Bath, Caprio and Levine 2001, Developing countries set more restrictions on foreign bank entry and taking ownership of domestic banks, branching. In addition these countries have a stronger legal system and offshore financial centres. The lack of handling hard-information lending technologies rather than soft-information lending is also a barrier for foreign banks. The action of government officials, trying to prevent foreign entry and expansion in favour of domestically based institutions acts as a problem. This may include delaying foreign bank acquisitions. Apart from European and Asian countries the developing countries from Latin America has a very high rate of foreign bank penetration. But the reason for foreign presence in Latin America and Eastern Europe differs. Much of the foreign ownership in Latin America arises from liberalization and financial crisis. Another contributing factor is the small role for state owned banks. On the other hand, forces behind the foreign ownership in eastern Europe was combined of privatization of state owned institutions and dearth of private, domestic banks with expertise to take over these institutions. In case of developed countries referred here as Old Europe consisting Germany, Italy, France and USA removes most of their explicit barriers towards foreign banks. In addition, nations of Old Europe designed Single Market Program (SMP) which allows them to share a single banking market and banking license. So this helps their banks to cross border easily. Along with this, technological advances such as advances in information processing, financial technologies attracted foreign banks. The sh orter distances between the countries were an advantage. Here also there are barriers for foreign penetration. Whenever a new market opens up, the first one to take advantage are the banks in order to increase their profits. The Basle Committee on Bank Supervision has developed an extensive list of best practices for the regulation and supervision of banks, which is promoted by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. There is a strong sense that if only policymakers in countries around the world would implement particular regulatory and supervisory practices, then bank safety and soundness would improve, thereby promoting growth and stability (James R. Barth, Gerard Caprio, Jr. and Ross Levine). One of the reasons for the less penetration of foreign bank penetration in developed countries is the preventive regulation and protective regulation. Preventive regulations include market entry, capital adequacy, liquidity control, permissible business activities, foreign currency exposure, loan concentration and country risk. Protective regulations include deposit insurance and lender of last resort and emergency control.(Richard Dale). For example, to boost the economic growth, Individual states within the United States created a more competitive (and diversified) banking sector by liberalizing their branching restrictions. The regulatory response of the US banking crises of the 1930s was the creation of the deposit insurance system(Alfred Lewis and Gioia Pescetto). Banks from developed countries are likely to be more efficient and so have advantage over their competitors in host market. More regulations that affect the location can be economic integration, institutional characteristics and profit opportunities. (Dario Focarelli). The utmost percentage ownership of a banks capital is higher among higher income countries than lower ones. The stringency of capital requirements is lower for lower income countries than for upper income countries. There is a clear trend for the restrictiveness of bank activities to decline as one move from the lower income countries to the higher income countries. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Banking Regulation Changes Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order Conclusion Summarising the above data, changes in banking regulations during the 19th century makes the globalization of banks possible. The penetration in developed countries seems to be least as compared to developing countries. Lower income countries as a group are no more restrictive to foreign banks than upper income countries.

Descriptive Essay On Elysium - 2038 Words

I remember that day on Elysium pretty vividly. It s weird, it almost feels like yesterday. I walked down the alleys of the space station, took a left, and passed the neat rows of tall, narrow houses that lined up next to each other like dominoes. They were all so uniform and structured, just how Elysium liked it. I walked through the city, staring up through the clear dome acting as a barrier between us and the cold, unfeeling void of the universe, and I watched the stars sit and shine silently in the sky while a few comets flew past. I never did get over the view in that place. Everyone else did. It just became routine after a while of being on Elysium, but it was still so cool to me. People flew past me, all with their destination in†¦show more content†¦The same routine I had everyday, only this day would be much bigger, I was so excited I had to contain myself from just skipping down the street. The doors to the school got closer and closer. I looked up at the clear barr ier that protected us from the vacuum of space and I took a long, deep, breath. Oh, and I forgot to mention this, but Elysium is a city on a really big space station, thought I d mention that since that could be pretty confusing later on. But I digress, I opened the door and walked in. My steps hit the hard floor with sharp knocks. The hallway seemed endless. I walked, and walked, and walked until I got to our home room. The room was crowded enough so my shoulders were always touching someone else s. The instructor, a severe looking woman with grey hair tied in a tight bun, and cheekbones that could kill was trying to get the class to settle down. alright, alright, quiet down. The students continued talking. SHUT UP. Everyone whipped their heads to the front, finally listening. As you know, today is a very important day the class continued the din of noise once again, excited to finish the year. Coulda sworn I just told you all to shut the hell up. Anyway, today is very important, but we have a slight change of plans. We whispered to one another, wondering what could ve possibly happened. We ve decided to have one last exam. everyone started yelling and complaining, OH COME ON! a

Culture And Ideologies Shape Relationships And Define Who...

Culture and ideologies shape relationships and define who one associates with. In international relations the question of what has more influence is often discussed. It could be cultural factors such as customs, language or societal norms or political polices and philosophy. In 1996, Samuel P.Huntington published â€Å"The Clash of Civilizations† in which the author gave a geo-political theory that cultural differences between civilizations rather than ideological differences would be the primary source of global conflict in the post-Cold War world. This essay will focus on the argument in Huntington’s book about how it presents the world, the problem and the proposal for a solution. In The Clash of Civilizations Huntington argued that the future conflict would be different in the post-Cold War era. Different ideologies would not be the main reason for world problems but instead it would be because of the differences between cultures. The division of power would be placed in the civilizations that have similar cultural norms. Huntington states that the â€Å"most dangerous enmities occur across fault lines between major civilizations† (20). He argued that foreign affairs cannot be peaceful or accommodating. Global affairs are based on the influence of power established on different civilizations’ societal norms. The major societies that Huntington included were the Western, Sinic, Islamic and Orthodox civilizations. The â€Å" fault lines† between these societies will be the tensionShow MoreRelatedCulture And Ideologies Shape Relationships1567 Words   |  7 Pages Culture and ideologies shape relationships, in which both define to whom one associates with. The question arises about which has more influence in international relations. Is it cultural factors such as customs, language or societal norms or political polices and philosophy. 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So, the whole purpose for the proletariat class is to develop a type of art that did not resemble that of the bourgeoisie. â€Å"Futurism is the art of the proletariat† , because â€Å"the cultural growth of the working class will help and influence those innovators who really hold something

Gun Control Background Essay Example For Students

Gun Control Background Essay Gun Control Since the days of the pioneers of the UnitedStates, firearms have been part of the American tradition asprotection and a means of hunting or sport. As we near theend of the 20th century the use of guns has changedsignificantly. Because of fast and steady increase in crimeand the fight for the right to own a hand gun, theintroduction of legislation for gun control, to try to reducethe crime in the United States, has been a hotly debatedissue in recent years. Although many people feel that guncontrol violates the right of the people, given in the secondamendment the right to bear arms, controlling distributionand sales and the registration of guns and gun owners isnecessary because of the homicide rate involving guns andthe violence by criminals using guns. Many people feel thatgun control violates the right of the people given in thesecond amendment the right to bear arms. Opponents ofgun control, including the National Rifle Association, betterknown as the NRA, argue that the right To bear arms isguaranteed in the second amendment of the Constitution ofthe United States of America and licensing restrictionspenalize law-abiding citizens while in no way preventingcriminal use of handguns. It is also argued that by making itdifficult for guns to be bought and registered for theAmerican public there is a threat to the personal safety ofAmerican families everywhere. However controlling thesale and distribution of firearms is necessary because of thehomicide rate involving guns. In 1988 there were 9000handgun related murders in America. Metropolitan centersand some suburban communities of America are settingnew records for homicides by handguns. LargerMetropolitan centers have ten times the murder rate of allWestern Europe. For example in Washington,D.C. therewas an estimated 400 homicides including guns. In additiongun control has been seen as necessary because of theviolence by criminals using guns. Gun control is wrapped ina series of social issues such as crime and drugs. Guns havebecome closely linked to drugs and murder in the publicmind. Drug dealing and high tech weaponry have escalatedthe warfare in cities between long established loosely knitgangs. Predominantly guns of crime are used by gangmembers. Many police officers are killed every year due todrug and gang related incidents involving guns. For examplein 1988 on February 26 rookie New York City policeofficer Edward Byre was sitting alone in his police carguarding the house of a drug trial witness in South Jamaica,Queens where he was shot four times in the head andkilled. In conclusion there are valid reasons for why certainpeople feel that gun control is unfair. People against guncontrol feel that it is a violation of the Constitution tocontrol the sale and distribution and the registration of gunsand gun owners. But it is necessary for there to be certainlimits on the way that firearms are handled in this countrybecause of the homicide rate involving guns and because ofthe violence created by criminals using guns. If gun controllegislation were to go through there would be a significantdecline in gun related crimes and fatalities.Social Issues Essays

Yes We Can Essay Example

Yes We Can Essay Greg Oberschelp CAS 137 1 PM Dr. Freymiller â€Å"Yes We Can† The word rhetoric is widely thrown around by many different people in today’s age. Many people don’t understand the real context of the word, but that does not mean it is not any less common. Rhetoric is all around us, whether it is on television, in a paper, or, just in an advertisement. For most people, rhetoric is most widely seen during election season, especially during the Presidential election. Candidates rely heavily on rhetoric to get their ideas out there, showcase their list of credentials, and really paint themselves as the next President of the United States. For most campaigners, the most effective way to do this is through simple advertisements, basically flyers. Barrack Obama was exceptional at using these small advertisements to his advantage during the 2008 election. In taking a look at one of his 2008 â€Å"Yes We Can† ads, one can analyze the ethos, pathos, logos, and audience of the piece and its effectiveness in using rhetoric. In this political ad, Barrack Obama uses his patented pathos to further his campaign. For President Obama, pathos or emotional appeal has been his bread and butter for his political ads, and this poster is no different. We will write a custom essay sample on Yes We Can specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Yes We Can specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Yes We Can specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The pathos conveyed here speaks to the entire nation, with the simple words â€Å"yes we can. † On the surface, â€Å"yes we can† seems to say that we, as the people of the United States, can elect Mr. Obama over his opposition. It goes much deeper then that though, as the message varies depending on the person reading it. For one, it speaks to the people that they can make history and elect the first African American president. This appeals to a section of Americans, (mainly African Americans) who can make the once pipedream of having one of their own as the commander-in-chief a true reality. To the average reader though, â€Å"Yes we can† also symbolizes the rough times America had been in and how the country was not run effectively as it could’ve been. The economy was in a recession, the house and senate were deadlocked, and nothing proactive was being done to change it. Mr. Obama, along with the help of voters, could get the United States out of the difficult times and successfully turn the country around. â€Å"Yes we can† improve the outlook for our country and help make a better future for families and ourselves by electing Mr. Obama. Lastly, â€Å"Yes we can† symbolizes hope. This speaks to all readers of the ad. Hope in our great country that we can elect someone to bring America back. Hope that our President can finally be an African American and break the color barrier in the country. Hope that a better future lies ahead for the United States under President Obama. â€Å"Yes we can† starts with the American people. We can do all of these things; it all starts with the election of Barrack Obama (in January of 2008). The ethos in the political ad is greatly conveyed and shines Mr. Obama in an extremely positive light. Starting with the visual aspect of the ad, it portrays the President in a serious tone. He looks as if he is pondering what can be done, as his head is arched slightly up towards the sky. He is thinking, the outline of his face is in red, white, and blue, which we all know are the colors of the United States. This, coupled with his serious expression, makes the ethos or credibility of the ad very clear. It displays Mr. Obama as a thinker, someone who will go outside the box to fix the problems of the country. He seems to be in a position of great knowledge, since a great stream of confidence is drawn across his face. People are drawn to this, as one would quickly look at the ad and instantly associate Mr. Obama with credibility. Even without knowing his long list of credentials, (his graduation from Columbia University and Harvard Law School, past as a civil rights attorney, and Illinois state senator) people can clearly see that he is being displayed as a qualified leader. With this association of qualification, people then associate his credentials with trustworthiness. In this ad, Mr. Obama seems like someone that this nation could trust to lead the American people back to the country’s former glory. The ethos of this ad makes the reader buy into Mr. Obama as a qualified, trustworthy leader. One who will be the next President of the United States. The message in this ad is clear. Yes, we can. The simple campaign ad uses a very logical argument. The main message is stated, â€Å"yes we can†. We, the people of the United States, can elect Barrack Obama. The minor premise is also easily drawn from the message, Barrack Obama is a better fit for the country then what the we had. The conclusion ties all of these ideas together in that under Barrack Obama, America will see a great change as country and the people will be much better off in voting for him. Very effective idea in the implicity of the message, a vote equals an election. An election will in turn equal a great for the country, and a good fit will lead to a better future for the people. As previously stated, simplicity is key to this logical argument. This poster/flyer was seen by millions of people, but only for a short period of time. It was a passing glance, something that people saw as they walked by, usua lly with other things going on in their heads. This ad had to standout to get the minds of readers jolted and provide the layout for which the readers could effectively draw a conclusion from the ad. Obama’s portrait, the colors of the American flag, and the simple message, are all effectively connected to the main idea. Elect Barrack Obama for the President of the United States, we can do it. He is the â€Å"best† fit for the country and will lead the country into a new, better dawn. Finally, the last proof of the ad is in the audience. The audience is a certain group of people, a demographic that the ad is targeting. In breaking down the ad’s intended targets, it starts with the American people. First and foremost, the people of the United States are the ones that directly choose their next leader. The red, white, and blue colors of the President in the portrait help to strongly display that message. The colors obviously represent the great nation and in turn can be attributed to the great people who make it up. As the message becomes analyzed in more depth, the American people are broken down into smaller groups. The next target group in my eyes is the people of the Democratic Party. Next are the majority of African Americans, and finally the people who consider themselves progressive. These groups are all targeted in the tagline of the ad â€Å"Yes we can† and fall under the general category America people. Like before, the Democratic Party can gain the control of the country once again with President Obama’s initial election. They could put their ideas on how to run the country into action, further the ideals of the party. For the African Americans, they can finally elect one of their own to give themselves a majority voice of the minority in the US. Their fortunes can be reversed, as they, along with the rest of the American public, can better their lives and shape their bright futures. Lastly, the tagline targets progressives. These are the people who don’t side with a party in the election, the vote with who will push the US into the proverbial â€Å"new frontier†. To them, they can change history, vote for an African American for the first time ever as the President. They can politically, socially, and economically progress their great nation to put it on the forefront of progress in the world. Progressives, African Americans, Democrats can pull together as the American people and change the whole the future course of their homeland. In this advertisement, ethos, pathos, logos were all effectively used by Barrack Obama’s 2008 campaign. Being one of the more rhetorical presidents of our time, this should come as no surprise. He was able to spark emotion, display his credibility, and make himself the logical choice for the presidency all in a simple ad. The â€Å"Yes We Can† ad meticulously targeted certain groups while still appealing to all American people and voters. The vast, far-reaching audience propelled Mr. Obama to victory and he has his campaign to thank for the support of the people. â€Å"Yes We Can†, yes they can, and yes we did.